Newspapers / The Rutherford Star (Rutherfordton, … / Dec. 18, 1869, edition 1 / Page 1
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' . ' V V - - - - - To the Senate d House of jRepreuniatitei : 0 , y "T timeas Chief Magistrate of this great nation, it iswith gratitude1 to the Giver 1 of all good for , the many . benefits we ; " orit COUXTKT , . -7 y?c are blessed with peace at home without any . entangling - alliances "abroad to forbode trouble, with a terri tory unsurpassed in fertility, of an area -equal to an abundant support of fife hundred millions of people.abound ing in every variety of useful mineral, irt -quantity sufficient to : supply the world for manufacture, exuberant crops nrid n variety of climate adapted to the production of every species of earth's riches, suited to the habits, tastes and requirements of every living thing. A population of forty millions of free peo-. pie, speaking one ; lansruace, . facilities for every mortal to acquire an educa tion with institutions closing to none, the avenues to fame or any blessing of fortune that may be' coveted, freedom, nrncu ann eohAAl ' an1 VAifannv ilowing into the treasury : beyond the Requirements of the government. ' ilappily.'tiarmony is being, rapidly restored within our own borders. Man ufactures hitherto unknown in our country are springing up In all sections, producing a degree of national .inde pendence unequalled by . any other power. These blessings, and countless others, are entrusted to your care and of our tenure of office. 1' In a short time we must each of us return to the ranks of the people who have conferred our honors, and account to .them for our ite wardships I earnestly desire that .neitherrypu nor I may be- condemned "by mir free and enlightened ' count ry metr, nof by our own conscience.1 ;- Emerging from a rebellion ofgigim tic struggle, as it was, by the sympatiby and assistance of the nations - with vbiqfc we, were at peace, eleven States of the; Union were for four years left withont-legal State government. ; ; A national debt had been contract ed ; American commerce was almost driven from the keas; the industry of one half of the country had been taken from t the control of capitalists, and placed where all labor rightfully be longs, in the' keeping of the laborers. Tli. 1. r : it.! . ernnients loval to the tin ion of nrn- tectmg and fostering free4abr, -of the providing of. means for the payment of the interest on the' public debt, 'has received ample Tatt;ntionfrom Con gress. ' ; : ... !; ';- L, Although 3-our efforts have not met with success in all particulars " that might have beeu desired, yet on ' the 3whole they have been more successful than could have been reasonably an ticipated. Seven States which passed ordinances of secession, have been ful-' ly restored to places in the Unions Thes eighth, (Georgia.) held an elec tioii at which she ratified her constitu tion, republican in form and elected b Governor, members of Congress, State Legislature andother officers required. The Governor was installed; the Legis lature met and performed all the acts then required of them by the rccon- sii uuuuu acts oi uongress ; snusequenx ly, however, in violation of the Consti tution which they had just ratified, as since decided by the Supreme Court of the State, they: unseated the colored members of the Legis lature . and admitted to. seats some members who are disqualified by the third clause: of he 14th amendment,' an article which they themselves had contributed to ratify. Under these circumstances ,1 would submit to you whether it would not be wise without delay to enact a law authorizing the n s-., n J. - . 'luituiui ui m wunvcne mem bers, originally elected to the Legisla ture, requiring , each to take ail bath prescribed by the reconstruction acts, and none to be admitted who are in eligible under " the 3rd clause of the Hth amendment. ' The freedmen, under the protection which they have received, are making rapid progress in learning, and no com plaints are heard of a lack of industry . on their part when they receive fair remuneration for their labor. - ' The measures providing for paying the interest of the public debt, with . all other expenses of the government are more than ample. " 1 The loss of our commerce is only the result of the rebellion, which has not received sufficient attention lrom you. To this subject I call your earnest at tention( but will not now suggest any plans by which this object may' be ef fected, but will, if necessary, make it the subject of a special message during the session of Congress. . : . , , . ', At the March term of Congress, by join resolution, it authorized the Ex cutive to order elections in the Slates of Virginia, Mississippi and Texas to submit to them the Constitutions which each had previously framed, and to submit the Constitutions, either entire or in separate parts, to be voted upon at the directions of the Executive Under: this authority elections were called. In Virginia the election took place on the Gth of Julyc A Governor und Lt. Governor -were' elected, an'd have been installed. The Legislature met and did all required by this reso lution, and by all the reconstruction acts of Congress, and abstaining froni Jill, doubtful. I recommend tha her -Senators and Representatives, be promptly admitted to their seats, and that State be fully restored to its place jn the family of States. -Elections were called in Mississippi Jtx rr Tfftns to rnmnipncp nn f.li 5KHli of, November- two days in Mississippi, and four days in Texas. The elections have taken place, but ; the ..result is not yet known. It is hoped that the acts of the Legislature of these States when they' jneet will be such as to receive your approval and thus close the work or reconstruc tion. v .;- ;- -.t '" , riJTAKCB. : . A?on the evils growing out of the ' 1 - j v i . ww V, bU(,b of an irrfideemabls currency. It is an : evil which J hope- will receive your most earnest attention. It is a duty and one of the Xughest duties of. the Government to secure to citizens a me dium of exchange of a fixed and unva rying value.- Ibis iniplips a return to a h ---v odi l- ;in:h v.it i on() u-A ;U9vn , ; . . - ? n- - , 4 . - ,1 . . ' in' : " ' ' s V. : ; , ; i-r! -f... -j . , ,7 - r 1 .c-.:'n . : . ,.: i; Olfl f:.r:. S:' , -.,.,v f::;.. '- ; ..; , V ', ': ' ':.'. r i - . . ' - ; 1 I Hi 1 J I i '. -1 . ! . ,ii ' iii' . "V! : ' V I''1., -iri'jV-.r;). ; 'ir. vW-r.' W.X f; : : . 1 ' ;l 'xr' ' viii v.: ; v. : M : ::n; Alx.n r. ! .-. . ;t . f.;. . .... ', ' -.. . , . . , : ' ' - . i - . . . : - . j-' - " ' '' f ; - . . ' . . . 1 : .... . . . " 1 ifT. . 1 ! ), 1 r. , .,. I n . ... . r . ... vol: nr. : .1: 11 . specie basis and no substitute fnr it ran be devised it ' should be " commenced now, and reached at the earliest -rprac-ticable moment, consistent vdth a fair regard to the . interest of 1 the debtor class. . : Immediate resumption of specie payment would not be desirable, it would compel the debtor to pay be yond their contracts in gold at the date of , their purchase, . and- would bring "bankruptcy and ruin to thousands.' Fluctuations.' however.! in paper value of the measure of which all values gold, is deterime.ntal to the interest of trade. It makes the man of business an J in voluntary gambler, for , in all , sales where future payment is to be made; both parties must know as t6 what will be the value -of the currency to be paid and received. I earnestly recommend to you, then, such legislation as will be certain to insure ' a gradual f return to specie payments, and pu an immediate stop to the fluctuation iu the value bf currency. , . The methodeto j secure the iormer oi pese results . are as numer ous as Bpeetdars ba'pblitieal econoiby, Td jBeeuro; Uie latter-1 see bat oae Tjajrl That is to authorize the treasury, to re deeln its own paper - at a' fixed ' price, whenevfer presented'; or withhold ; from circulation all currency so redeemed until sold again for gold. ' The vast re- 'sources of the . nation, both' developed and undeveloped ougut make our credit the best on tho 'earth.-' ' With less' bur den of . taxation than the citizen has endured for six years past, the entire public debt could bo paid in ten years but it is not' desirable that the' people i should be taxed to pay it in that time. x car Dy j-ear tne acuity to pay increas es in rapid ratio, but the-urdea ,pt interest ought to be reduced rapidly as .can be without the violation of contract. The public debt is represented in ..a great part by. bonds -having from, .five to twenty; and from fen to forty years to run, bearing- interest at ;ihe rate of six and, five per cent respectively,, . It is optional with the government to pay these bonds at any 'period after. , the. ex piration of .the least time : mentioned upon, their "face. f The time has already expired Then a great part may be taken up, and rapidly approaching when all maybe believing that all which are now due may be replaced in bonds bear ing at a rate of interest aofr exceeding 4 per cent, and rapidly as the remain der becomes due, that they may be rer placed in the same way. To accomplish this it may be necessary to authorize the interest to be paid at either of three or four of the money centres of Europe or by any A8Sisaut Treasurer of the United States, at the option of the hol ders of the bonds. I suggest this sub ject for the consideration of Congress,, and also, simultaneously with this, the propriety of redeeming, our currency, .before suggestsd, at its market value, at the time the law goes into effect, in creasing the rate at which the , curren cy will be bought and sold, from day to day, or week to week, at the same irate of interest as the Government pays upon its bonds, subject to tariff and in ternal revenue taxation, will necessari ly receive your attention! . . The revenues of the country are greater than the requirements,' and may with safety be reduced ; but the funding of our debt on a four or a four and a half percent, loan would reduce the annual current ' expenses largely, and thus after funding justify a. great er reduction of taxation than would ' be expedient now. I suggest the post ponement of this question until the next meeting of Congress. -' f ; It may be advisable to modify taxation and tariff in instances where unjust or burdensome discriminations .are made by the present laws, but a general re vision of the laws regulating this-I recommend to be postponed for . the present. I also suggest a renewal :'of the tax on incomes, but a reduced ratia say three or . four per cent and this tax to expire in three years. ' " With the' funding of . the national debt as here suggested,; I feel 6afe in saying that taxe3 and revenue from im ports may be reduced 6afely from 6ixty to eighty millions 'per annum at once and" be still further reduced from year to year as the resources of , the,- coun try are developed. . The report pi the Secretary of the Treasury shows- the receipts of the government for tha fiscal, year ending the 30th of June, $370, 943,747, expenditures,' including inter est, bounties, &c, to be: 8321,490,597. The estimates for the ensuing year are more favorable to the government and will no doubt show a niiich larger de crease of public debt The receipts in the Treasury beyond expenditures have exceeded the amount necessary to place to the credit of the sinking fund as provided by law. To lock up surplus money in the Treasury and withhold it from, circulation would lead to such "a contraction of currency- as to cripple trade and seriously affect the prosper ity of the country. Under these cir cumstances, the Secretary of the Treas ury and myself heartily concurred iu the propriety of. using all the surplus currency, in the Treasury, iii the pur chase of government bonds, thus redu cing the interest bearing indebtedness of the coutnry and of ' submitting to Congress the question of the disposi tion to be made of bonds purchased. Bonds now held by the Treasury amouut to seventy-five millions, including those belonging to the sinking fujud. I recommend that the whole be plaeed to the. credit of the sinking fund. Your attention is respectfully invited to the recommendations of the Secreta ry of the Treasury for the creation of the office of Commissioner . of Customs of the revenue for an increase pf 44a? ry to certain classes of officials. The substitution of increased national bank i 'ii vi ' ,at iiV-ili J-1 sulHsl .?; . . ..,.1 t-jirf ! . t.-.i -.u.v. . oi iKrtfnrvn i'f "J .'r. ii t'.i .'!. . - . .r. r .. ! . s? .-r r cireulatiqa,; to repla.ee, the outstanding I three per eeht'eertificates an 'mest s- pectally to ais recommendatiDn for the repeal of the laws allowing shares of fines7, pehaltie,J forfeitures, &c. W offi cers :of the'i Government er"- to inform ers. ; : . ... . Tho office of Commissioner of tnter naT Revenue, Js one of the ; -most' ardu ous and, responsible under the govern ment, and one .which falls very ehort of ;a':Cabiftetposfli6n in! its tm-; portance and responsibilities,- Ir-teuld ask .for it., therefore! sucn..Jesis- lation !as,in-yonr;Judgmfei willplacfe" that jofficer upon j a footing of dignity 1 commensurable with the importance, "and with k'-character fadtiualifications of $, 9laea ; of t men required. tq fill I it properly;. Ujl.:.hhvy;f y,.l . FOItEIQJ HALATIONS. V l: As the XJnlted States isthe ffee of kallt nxtioirs so tod iA people Aatura41v I sympathizes. with all people irhqare struggling fof liberty andiwif-g6yefn-J stain from enforcing our views uponl. uawuuug uauuos anuurutu ukKing-'iui intwsUd -pcrt, .without, inytatieir ,jin quarrels, between "different nations or. between Governments thefrM sub jects.,, rOar course should always.' be1 in couiornmy wua.a strict course oi justice and law, international and local, such hasbeen the poKcy of f tlie', ad ministration in dealing with these questions. '! '' ' 1 '' 1 ; i - aFot iijore ?than: an - year 4 rvahiable province of Spain, ami arnqar neighbor of durs, ih whoni all olir people; cannot but feeL .a deep inte'resfyt iuis; keen struggling for independence, and -free dom. The people' and' gdvernnieut of! tne United states-entertain the same warm feelings.and ;ynpaljvs fprr, te people of Cuba in .their pending (strug gle thit they manifeked!' throughout their-previous, struggles'between ppain and lier former colonies iu. behalf of the latter. - But the contest his at ho time .assumed the-; condition:' Which :i amounts to. war, in- the international law, or whfch; would ihow the exis tence of a Qefacto political organiza tionrof insurgents, sufficient tp.justify a recognition ' of belligprency.' . The; f princirjle is ' maintained,'' how ever, that this nationjs its. own judge when to accord the rights of belliger- l ency, either to a people struggling tp free themselves from a " Government they beheve to be oppressive or to .fa i, reason of the course adopted rlfrun1riT nariAni nr irnr with Aorh 1 . - .... . . other. The United States has no. dis position to interfere with the existing relations of .Spain to her colouial pos sessions on this continent- TEey be iKTVe that iii due time Spain, and other European powers Will -find their' . inter est lintqrmating' those - relation's and establishing their present .dependen cies as independent powers. These dependencies ' are no longer regarded as subject to transfer from one Euro pean power tQ: another. ( -When; j the jiresent relation of .colonies they . are. to become independent powers, exer cising the right of choice and of self -eontrol'iq the determination of their future condition and "relations with oth err powers, j ,The United States in order to put a stop to bloodshed in Cuba, and in the interest "of a - neigh boring people, proposed its good offi ces to bring the .existing contest' to a termination, ;; The offer not. being ac cepted by Spain on the basis which we believed could' be received by Cuba, was withdrawn.' -It is hoped that the, good offices "of the United.. States may yet prove advantageous for the, settle ment of this unhappy strife.' ! . In the meantime a-number ef . ille gal expeditions 'against Cuba r have been broken up.'-1 It has been the eii- deavor of the Adminbtration. to exe- cute the neutrality I laws, . to matter how unpleasant the task, made by the sufferjngs we have endured from' the lack of like good faith" to wards us by other nations.' ; ' . ' - r On the 26th of March last, the U-S.- schooner " Lizzie: Major was arrested on the high seas, by a Spanish, frjgate. Two passengers were taken and carried: prisoners t(r Cuba,' Representations of these1' facts were made to- the bnamsh govexnmeitfiswh aeoffi4alinmrma-t. tion reached Wasiangtjpn1. he two ; passengers were set at liberty and' the Spanish government assured!; the Uni ted States that the Captain of the fri gate in making the. capture had acted without law jytha he had been repri-. manded, and that tne bpanish author--ities in Cuba would irot r sanction any act that could -violate riglits. or treat l witn disrespect jtne., sovereignty oi inis nation. ' The question of the seizure of the' brig ' larjrj Lowell'' -at ' Bahama by the Spanish authorities is; now the subject of correspondence between this government and Spain and Great .Brit ain " i The Captain- General ' of Cuba about : May. last issued -a 'proclamation authorizing -the searchiof vessels on the high..! seas. -; Immediate Tamppr strance was made .against this, where upon the Captain General issued anew proclamation limiting search to vessels of th United States .authorized 'under the treaty of 1725... Thr proclamation, however, was immediately . withdrawn. T U A Vl f K n f 4homnst infi At hew rreatieB' between us . and -.them may not be profitably entered, into tp secure more intimate relations, friendly commercial and otherwise interocoanie connection, between ,-the Atlaatic and Pasific Uceans throush tfi.e lsttimus 01 J)arien, is one in Viich coamrca is mate relations should be cultivated be-. .Jnniorn-ijy.wiu tween the United" States' ; tfae ihde-. 03 of, Congresaa, proposition . V abol ben'dent iuttions on tSis'continent. ' It wh mixed courts for the suppression of K wellrworth' eonsideriuwheth-f ttia slaVe'tr&de is'ttader negdhation.; iL . Nl; a .MTURDAY: greatly ; .interested. Instructions., have been triven our minister to the' several States of Columbia to endoavbr tooW tein1 authority ' for BTrrvey' - to "deter-f mite th practieabihtyof the anderta- sang In order to- cemnlv with an acrree ment of the United States as to a mix ed comarissidn'at'Lima for adju stment of the clitn it - becomes neoessary to send a. eommisMOBes :and eetary to Limai I to onne ahout peace ietweea Btiain and tne-croutn American TepwmeeF Jtav f mg BBen: accepted by -.Dparn rertr-and Chili, a congress; has been invited ;tq bejject as might be passed, during the ap held in Vashington during the presanljoacHrngr session of Congress,1 andalsq winter. A errant has been eivenito 'EurgpejMfcT-Pfc-lira wljupite. iight of transitoverithe territory of .Nicarautk to whictiCosta -Uica,has given lt3 aah. entiwich-it la -iecedieonioU.Jwith f" e:yestl righta if Ige? i1weiig;Gf tfae nitpd States.' ""The 'Department Jof ate toVhU'- kuiiectlimleri con-r Jn,-.! .defatijfrj3fKPTOf' I made reprsftentatrons that there wi fTalbSfw(Mi(SeM4: nafd.;fprco,fJuba; to orjerate4agist Peru ; orders were given to prevent then? departure. 0 No? 'furthe? 3 Steps having been taken ibythe representatives of the Peruvian.eovernment to prevent thw ddpa'rCure5 or these'CVessel v1 and-'l'iiot rfeeline-Buttirazedi to et4in the"iW3oper- ty of a, nation with .which we',ara:at peace, bn' mere Ex,ecutive ;order,uthe; matter, isrefacted "tCongres8. The conduct cth 'k; betreoou.'ille allies iand -e JJepublie of axagnayrliajr made things with that country difficult of aeUlem'eni1 I'6a4?Olfeett . jde$ed advisable to.withdxa,w-ojir renresentffc- tivea fi-oai. there- towards. -.the close! of the lastmlnistT&tidn,an the,matter j to merit ist Ijosdon for settlement. ' , , lac outstanuiHg claims oetweon the United Sta'te;3 and Great Britain failed tn receive tlie advice and' consent of the Senate. , , Tha time and .circumstances attondihg the negotiation of that treaty Vera' 'unfavorable to its acceptance by the p'eonle . of . the . United States, and its provisions . were wholly inade quate for the settlement of ith allei5d t wrongs : sustainetl byf this govrument. j.ne aniuries resuuine w we united by Great Britain during tlve" war, in the increased rate of duties, the diminution of exports, and other- obstructions to domestic industry, and production ; in its effect upon the foreign commerce ,of the country8; in the decrease'anlr trans fer to Great Britain of urcdnvnteroial marine . in the" jirolpngatie.n of the War and its increased' cost, both in .treasure and lives ;- in its ,6uppredon eoutd not be adjusted and satisfied as ordinary commercial claims wliich continually arise betwe cnmnrerehir-nations, and -yet the convention treated them as suich ordinary claims for which they-differ more in their gravity : of . this charafcter than in the magnitude of -their amount. Great even as is that difference, not a word was found "in the' treaty, and not an inferance could be "drawn frdiu it. to remove, the sense .of the unfriendliness of the. course of, G'reit "Britain'in qur sirujrgW for existence,1 wliich lias scf deeply and universally .impressed itself upon the people ot tins country, , ' - Believing that a'1 convention thus misconceived ip its scope, and inade quate to its provisions, wquld ,not have produced the hearty1 cbrdnir settlement of the bifouding qustion' whioji alone in consistent .with the .relations which I desire' to' r have firmly established be tween the .United States and-Great -Britain I regarded, the action of .th'e: Senate in rejecting the "'treaty to have been wisely taken in thai interest) of peace,-and. as necessary .tjtepjn the di-. rection of a perfect and cbrdial friend ship between the two counties I A'sen Bible peoDle; oonscious of their,, power, are moTe at ease under a great wrong wholly ' unallied : than" under the res traint of ,'a 'settlemeat which i satisfies neither tneir iaes oi justice, nor meir grave sense of the grievane they- have l ig; oh both' Aider which, I thought " not favorable to our immediate - attempt at renewed aegetiatiooa Xaccordingly so instructed the minister of the United States to Great Britain rfnd found that myviewson this 'regard i were shared by heriMajesy'aministen.i -I hppa that the tiine may soon arrive when tho two governments can approach the subject of thS mpnentuoiisique.-!uon , wiui ; an appreciation of what.is due t6 the right dignity and1 honbr'-of each, and i with thje determintition not-only to t reinov ,the pauses of complaint in the 'past but to lav' the foundation' 'of -'a-5 broad prin- ciplex)f ipublLo law which , wiUprevont future dilierences and tend to iorm a c$ntiiinedJ peace" and iriendshipt :i ' . i'his noT is the only grave question which the Unitedtetesjiaajffith any foreign nation. b '-The Question 6f renewing the, treaty for reeinrocal trade between; the-Uniied States and the; British proyince on this! continent is n6t favoraoiy considered. It havin'fifcome to my -knowledge that a corporate company, organized under British laws, proposed to land upon the shores of the United states and to op eratft their submarine, paDle. under a fencesidh"fni tile : sE;nperor of the French and of an exclusive iig ht for and that Seai-afGsuUflinAnd near New' York thirty gunboats,' which miy'ased by epainto relWve the DECEMBER ' 18. 1869. twenty years of telegraphic communi catton wftn'tTifiraKorei'pl France1 and thoUmted States with the 1 very . 'objec- tionalfoature of subinitUng all i-'J. .li-i Aui-Lvw .'- sages WJUTUjmi uenjuj vj mo ewuuuj and control xif th6 French, government. I causod.the Fceuch anl British lega- fcionsrai, wasaingum w ue uiauo tu qnainted with' the probable : poficy qf Cooffress ononis . subjaqt jas fbreshad, 6 wed bj. a "bdl which, passed the Senate in' Mareh'last. The deetakthoU Of the tepreentiive of the company, is an agreement to jaccep 'aB a basis of their ctprvwioni of this tbill. or sueh other, enactments' oo-tbe' cub- to vsetneir inpuanoe ,te secure irom the French government a, modification 'bt "'iheir" i;dnetfssloh: and ;; topetinif ot4 ;n v. tt: not 10 oppo th, Mtabli,hmertf Wf " r o o ' - - enrat td sav that there. has been.no mod any company ineorporatod by4 thekfie imbarriissment posaibk 1 to riZZtA&tfa TtVaM KtJi from the so-called tenure-pf-office ification in this companies . cSneesswBjiJV1.?" oV s aVai I WleWh thWC iZ tempted, -toooure oe their cpneession excludes, capital and citizens of tne t?nia States " frohi' dompteUne-'hppnJg I recoinmond. legislatiou to protect the rights' bf 'citizens' limier the Statps aadjsovTeigirfjfpfipftiQttfJ Against such au QssucQDtioU). I shall, endeavor to secu', v by hegOtiaion;j :anj ah'atido taeni tttka principle of monopolies in the Ocean. trade cables. , , 1 t' ho rinottied" 'political,' ! condition of other fcooatriesv Jests. ' WtttinateitUap pur Lpwpk.8cmeame induces neir citizens li .-: .'-il'.iltT.'.'.l' ,lii. .1 to come to tne unueo. oiaieo lor xao eolsr' purpose of beedntln naturalized, and, .haying-secured thvs,r .they, return to Uiefr native country' and reside there "with-it uMAcloiiiig their! change of al- legianee'i; theyf accept, , official positions of (rust and honor,' which can ' only be held by citizens 'of' their native' lands. They journey under a passport, descri bing (.hem as such citizens, and it is Only when civil' discbr'd after perhaps, years of quiet threatens tlieir positions or their property or when their native State drives them into its military" -ser vice,, where their bath of allegiance is made known, they reside permanently away from the United .States, they . contribute-nothing to its. revenues, ( avoid the duties of citizenship and only make themselves known Jby a claim of protec tion. I .have. directed,, the diplomatic, 4pdconsuiaa omcers to scrutinize care- iully. all such claim 01 protection as silent cittzenscf the the -United States', jvhether mativ ;pr adopted, ; whof dis charges his duty to his country is enti tled to ita'coinplete. protection; ' ""While I have a voice; in the. 'direction of af fairs I-shall pot consent to degrade thw sacfed trust by conferring it upon, fic-, tttious or fraudulent claimants.-. , - Invjtatiens have, been extended to the Cabinets of London, Paris.' Flore neet Berlin, Brussels, the Hague, Copen hagen, ; and Stockholm to empower' their representatives at Yasnington to simultaneuusTy enter into' negotiations, and; to Conclude' vith . the United ;Sta tea a convention, and indicate a form of making uniform the regulations' : 'as to thejCqnstructionpef .the parts of ypesels to be devoted to the use pf emigrant passengers as to the-qtiantlty of food; as to the medical treatment of the sick. durmg1 tlie voyage in; ' order.to' secure f:.j-ij.i: ' a i tl1.i. i. ' vent impositions, and to protect the females, uhfl' providing tor establish ment ofl jtribunesip the several coun- nes for enforcing such regulations by summary' process. . . Your, attention is Vespoetf ully called to the law regarding the tarilf On Rus sian hemp, and to tho question whether to fixthe - eliarges on liussian hemp higher thail they are oh Manilla is not a violation of our treaty with Russia. Placing- her prodnots-tHi-the samo foot ing with -those of ibetnost favorable footing. Our manufactures are increas ing with!wpnd6rial' rapidity under th erjuouragaiaent which they pw receive! with the :unpi ore ment in machinery already effected an'd 1 still increasing, causing machinery to take the place of akilled labor to large extent Our im ports ofmany articles'must fall largely within' a fo years fort unately, too, manufactures are .not confined to a few locAntids as formerly, are more diffused, makibg: the interest in them equal in alj sections; Tliey give;, employ ment and support to hundreds of thousands of people at home' hnd retain with us the Jneans which otherwise, would be shipped abroadT The extension of the railroads in Europe and the East is bringing 1 into competition, with our ag- nculUiral prpduce like products ot other eoahtxioS; 'self-interest if not self-pfe- tservatioii s ttierelbrp dictates 1 -caution against -disturbing any industrial, m- tterost'of' th6''couhty.,- It leads us also to the necessity pf looking tq.other markets for - the, sale bur surplus. Our neighbors''" South: of 'us' and China and 3upaa should receiv,oul special, attentieu.: will be fthe purpose of the 'admMstratmnr id enltrvatfr sueh re latioug" with.' all these nations as to en-: Ltitle us to their confidence -and make it their interest as well as ours 'to est&b lishb6tlierbommenaal relations. ?ii THE CHINESE QCESTIOX. Through the agency of a ' more en lightened policy than that heretofore purtaed -towards China, largely due to the Baaovtp 2rt our own dis- lt.i To secure this first of these - Congress baa taken-two essential stetvs: firut. in declaring by joint resolution that the public' debt should bo tiaid,1 principal and interest, in coin, and secondly, pro viding the means of paying. Provi ding the means, however, could not se cure the object desired, without a pro per administration of the laws for the collection of th revenues end an eco nomical .disbursement .of j them.. To this subject the administration has ad dressed!, itself with result, r nope sat- isfafqtory ;. tp he- . country . -Xheire has been no hesitation in changing omcials in order to secure an efficient execution of the. laws -r sometimes, too, where, , a mere party view, undesirable political results' wero likely to' follow nor any. hesitation, j in 'sustaining bfficieit offi cials against remonstrances wholly to- uucai. ix may do weii to mention acts,' and to "earhestly recommend their 1"''? Vi? "" VZ the iQ- Conatitu-. tiM mJ iproViding" that ppointtnehta uH receive that the la( to retain in offictr .-persons plaood: thorei by: Federal can an Executive pat in oflials forced xxm him.! and. 1 those; loo,, whom, . Jae baa suspended , fa rea- son i uov win sucu omciais oe UKeiy (an Administatim.'-Wakh they know: oes not trust them . j. '. " Eox. 'the Second 'requisite' to our growth and prosperity, tinie and a firm1 buj humane- administration. of existing laws, amended" from' time to time , as they' rtthy become ineffective, or prove harsh er uuneceswryf :arei probably eil tuat are n The r tlfirrf paimot bebtained by spepial ,igislaipnKjt It niust be regard cd as fixed by tlip copstU(ution itself, ami 'gradually7 ticqiiiesced m;by foVce of piibliq optnipa. j From; the founds tiou'of tbp Goyerument to the present, the management'of the original inhab itants of this continent' (the ' Indiaus) has been a subject of , embarrassment and expense, aild has been attended with continuous robberies; ' murders and wars.. IVonr my owp own expe rience on' the 'frontier., and in Indian cotmtries, I . do not hold either legisla tion or the conduct of the whites wbw coine most in contact with the Indians, blameless for these hostilities. . Tlie. past, , however, cannot be un done, and the question must be niet as we'now" find it. I have attempted 'a uew policy towards these wards of the nation, (they cannot, be regarded in any other light than 'as wards;) with fair results sq. far as tried, and hich, I . hope, will; be attended ultimately with grfeat successi 1 The ; Society of Friends is ; well known as k:iving .suc ceeded in living in peace with the In dians fn the ' early settlement of Penn- svivauia, wniie: meir wnite neigiiuors of other sections, were, constanly eni brbiled. They are also" known for thel 'opposition td all -strife, violence and war, and are.? generally upted for their strict integrity and fair dealings. These' consideration.' Siidacod nie to give: the management of a few reservaj tions of Indians to. and to throw the burden of the selection of agents upon the Society itselfi- ii .eh ; ' The. result has proven most satis factory. It' will be found more fully set forth in. the ' report, of the Commis sioner. pf Indian Affairs. F'or'superin ten dents and Indian agents not on re servations; ; officers' of the? 'army wero selected- r The reasons for this are nu merous. 'Where Indian agents 3Te sent thbre on-near there' troops must must aho be sent. fThs agent and the commander of" troops are independent of each other, and are subject to orders from different departments of the gov ernment. The arqiy officer holds a position for life, the agent one at the wilf pf the President. The former is personally interested in, .living iii har mony with the Indians jrod establish ing a permanent peace to the end that S9me portion of his life may be .spent in civilized society. The latter has no such personal, interest. Another reason, is an economical one ; hnd still .ttj .1 -a' , . , ..'-, anpther-, the hold which the GoA-ern- ment has upon a are omcer to ' secure a faithful. discharge; of the duties in carrying " but a given policy. "" The building- of railroads and the access therpby, ;jgiven to. all , the agricultural and mineral regions of the country is rapidly bringing civilized settlements into contact with all the tribes of In dians. No matter what ought to be the?relatiohs between such settlements and the, aborigines, the fact is 'that they no hot harmonize well, and one or the other has to Jgve -way in the tod. A system which looks to the exrinctioti of a race is too horrible for a nation to adopt without - entailing opau itself, the wrath of all Christen dom, and engendering in the citizen a divregard for lvcman life and the rights of others dangerous td society. I see no substitute for. such a system except in placing. alTthe Indians on large re- .u .Ficu.s.a ic -s - serytitms as rapidly as it can be done, anu giTug;ucm uwvtiuu there. A soon as they are fitted for it thej- sh6uld be induced to lake . their lands in severalty and to set up terri torial government for their own pro tection. For full details on tbb sub ject I jcall your special attention to the reports of the Secretary of the Interior and the Commissioner of Indian Af fiirs. '" . : .-: . THE A EXT rOETiriCATIOSS, kC . The Tecomm3ndation of the General of the Army that appropiiation b -yrv - f madtf Ibrnhforftii Botton, Portland, New.Vxk,f JetilaiiaJ New Orleans, and San Franriwo, i rnnriirml jin.' S X aU special attention to the. rocom raeodaiioBS of ;th &hkf . oi jDraanco for th aale of arsoaals and lands no longer of use to the Government ; also of War that the act prohibiting 'nroml- tioni ra; Ihlf itaff torp ofH4rmy be I wjeVrT' The eitenfof ltie"lou atry i ! tinguished citUTHV (hu world s about to - commenco larircly increased rela- tidas with that' 'populous and hitherto exclusive nation. As tho, United States 1:110 vwn 1110 iui unvui 9 lit - iuia uvw policy, M they should bp; the niost car nest in showing their good faith In ma lag it a sucooss, : : Iu this . cdnntetion I advise such legislation as to furover preclude the enslavement of Chinese on our soil under, the .name of coolies, and also to prevent Anioncan vessels froni engaging in the tianportition of coo lies. to any country tolerating the svs-tem.- 'v ; . -n fa .1 also recommond that tljio.tniafiou to i : ; cHixoB xi ofricrnou)tBsI On my am u 01 i ng the responsible du ties of chief i masistraie of the ' United State's, if was with tho' conviction that throe things wero essential tcj iteaco, prpeperitx,, a jb, fullest dovclopmcnt. First among, those" is strict integrity in fulfilling all our obligations'; second to secure protection tp the poipu and property , of tho citizen , of tho pLJ nited States in each and every portion of our common 'country ' wherever "ho inay choose to move withou refevehco to his original nationality, rcligtoag color, or DoliUcs, demandimr of hiui onlv obe dience to the laws, aud proief respect for the rights of others ; and third, tho Union of all' the s Ftale' with'ciual rights, indestructible by ani pcoustitu- tinnnl m An i i I to be'gnrrisot' andths!TuniWr of piiUhiry: -ppsta., to bs.ocpijis the same with a roducod arm v as with a large one.' Tho riuhibor of etaV btficei-si required is; mpre dependpot pa Jho lat ter than tho former condition. . ' 'f ' - ,.' i ' .'I i. ic -3 s 1 : . Tltpnreport: pf the Secretary of tho Navy accompanying tbis'slibtrs tho con dition of the navy. When, i this Ad ministration, came. into pfiioo, and by changes made ' 6inc6, stronuou a efforts have been mado' to -jildcd en i tmwy vos sel in fcpmuiission,'; or ? Vonder fUiem fit for service' when requiredai Twssible, and' to ' Buoetitutp' uie i saa tar steam while cruiaingl,tp.usmaterially,rducing " the expense of the navy aud adding greatly? Its''' euleieney.LPbiin to our future,) I; recomtnsiyi ..a,,rlilcTal though not extravagant policy lo ward this branch of tho public service". ! ' ' " ' rosi orncs tferinTXEJrr'n nisluta a clear and. coiwrnx'bcusiifo t.hilit of 'the ojoi-ations of thc'ivAtat rvf?0 Atnl f th fiasncisl condition of tha PdtitoOice 1 "epai t ment. , The ordinary postal revenues for tho year end JiJuflft 30, 1.869, HmCnt4t ?1S. 441,510, and thp sxiHHidifums to (.'3,C:W,l:)l. Your aUontitn iw roBtwctfuUy oalli to tho recommendation oiaua by tho I'utmastcr O'ortorat for authority to chah$re: thdVrato of --oonijxJisation to tho inaiiv trunk rail - linns . for their k!i Vlcor In1 citrryfiig' thr mails, fur navmy po roMRps oxcoumnj fni oii tzing and ineruahiiig tho eflicil'iiy' of th lK ial afocj' Itorvioe, for thp- iorf u( tl mail 8'jrvke oi tho l'acinc, and fur wstahlish ing mail rvice under tha flagof tho Union iu tho Atlantic ; aud most especially do' I call your attention to his r ointn;'niUlfod for tho total abolition of tho Lduking; privilngu. This in an ab'1130 fn):n which no 6uce recfivt-n a comluuiisuraU! advunt-oge. It , riidnAfi tint receipta for postal scrvico from tWMity tivn to thirtj-ini-cixit, and iargidy, increases the service to be performed. During the year ending September ' 30th, '69, ihe Vahsnt t)flicc issue d L3.7G2 piiti'iit, and its receipts wero f 686,38, being f J 13,1)20 more Uiau the H'Xuuiidkuruti. , , . ; . . I-rcspeotf uly rall our attention to the re. c'oulm'ciidation' oftnts 8ecretnry of hWliiterioc for uniting the duties of Hupcrsilig. t)u) edu cation offroedmen Witli'tho' 'other; dirties ;.de volring uponhe ComniiMioner of Bdueation. If nXjs.tb.0 desire of C'onjrn.sli iji makes th team daring th year ; l&lOj Jtiorq cuipl-l.i and perfect, I would (iiifest.cailv action upV on any lan that may bb 'agretu "PpVn. As Cmgruasat the lust fW--si'm, apointed u coin mittee to tako into connidcration 'tuch incaa-, urus as might' b doeiood proper, in. m fcrono to the censuH, and to report a plan, ' I Jcij.it from saying more) - : - I recommend to your fivorablo' considura tion the claims of tho ' AgrirultfcraU; Hurcau for liberal appropriation.! In , a countrj diverbiRc4 in JeHinato and soil! 'as ours, anl with a population no' larguly dopendant uijii agriculture, the benefits that can bo coii-friv - by properly fostering this Uun.au tirs iucalcu- xauic. . i. . I desire respectfully to call tne "attention o Conirrc to the inadunua'e salatios tit a nunu bo of the most important officers ofnw Jov ernnMnt. In his message- X will fot mume rate tben, tMit win spcciiv imy injgstices of the Supremo Cnurt. No chang .ias liei;n made in their sab-trie for fifteen ycrn, r AVith in that time tUc laborstif the oourf lie large ly increased, and tho cptntta of hying havo at 'least doubled. l)uritig the' iiuAc tiiu Jon gross has twice found it ixeeaimry. f puruaso largely tho compensation of its own members and tho duty it owe to anitlw r dTirtiiu iit of ttw Oovernment diervoa, and will.doubt Icbs rcocire, dao cwnsidf rat "oik. ' ' ' - coNcu stoy, - 7 f f , ; There a ro many subjecta 'pot ulludcd to in j H" mtMB', wnic nrn gn m 1 introduced, tort I abstain, h patnoUnTand tt.;n)ar.HUjp this mtag", which might'with pronrioty 1 introduced, but I abstain, btliwung til;it your patrioViom.and statesmanship will suKR?it.tbo toinca and th legislation, Aosi cmdai'tivo t the interests cf the whole i)ple. n niy jiart I pt-onffsc a Tigid adherence h tHe'litwi and their striet enfurcciutnt. , , r , . . ' v. . oitAN r. I Wo-tington, December 6, ISGII-j . , . Homestead Ajr rMinor) Important Lfccisioji The Asheville ronfer i " infjjrmed by a member of the Court that Judge Henry, made an important, decuaou on the cireuit just closed; which,afTetts the rights bf minors arising under the pro viaiona of the .Homestead- A The ioint arose on the ajjlication ot IjewU, ad ministrator, to the court for leave to sell real estate, to pay the debts uf his intestate, Kdney, deceased,, i. It appears that the deceased died during the war, and that owing' to stay - laws, military ordera, &c., the administrator hal not M6 o clos0 up the osUrto. . Tn hi,. li ration the heira at law re- i sDonued. aUf sibst , tuat one t ox tucir number had not yet attained his ma. joriiyi "and pray ing to- be alldwed'undo'r the proviaiona of the..Qontltotion td have. the Homestead exemption" lai 1 off according ! to : law.1 Ilia1 Honor held that thev were so entitled, onihe broad principle tliat the la tv was t-upcted fur the beneat of tlio " lieipir'srj ones widows and minors. V.'e j understand that in this upinioii the leading mem ' bors of the bar coucuri rred.
The Rutherford Star (Rutherfordton, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 18, 1869, edition 1
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